Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between health literacy and disease control in individuals with asthma.

Material and Methods: This descriptive and correlational study was conducted with 220 patients with asthma at a hospital in Tokat, Turkey. The data were collected using a patient identification form, Health Literacy Scale, and Asthma Control Test. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Student’s t-test, and Pearson correlation test.

Results: According to the information obtained from the study, 54.1% of the patients were between the ages of 18-26, 72.7% were women, 61.8% were single, and 60.9% were university graduates. The health literacy score of the patients was low, and 45.5% of the disease control was at a good control level. It was determined that sociodemographic characteristics of the patients, such as age, education status, income level, knowing the triggers, and avoiding the triggers, were effective in disease control and health literacy. It was found that there was a negative and statistically significant correlation between disease control and health literacy scores (r=-0.367, p=0.000).

Conclusion: It was concluded that asthma patients had good disease control and low health literacy levels. Further research is required to increase health literacy and disease control in asthma patients.