Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences Nursing Journal - 2021; 8(3)

�NYAZI

Serg�l DUYGULU — 2021-05-01

Complementary and Integrative Approaches to Symptom Management in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Systematic Review

Hacer ERO�LU, Zehra G�K MET�N — 2021-05-01

Aim: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of complementary and integrative approaches on symptoms of patients undergoing hemodialysis. Material and Methods: The review was structured on the basis of the Cochrane Systematic Review Guide. Five databases, including Cochrane, PubMed, Science Direct, Turk Medline, and ULAKBIM, were searched for relevant full-text articles between 01.01.2010 and 01.08.2020. Thirty-one studies meeting the criteria were included. Results: According to the study findings included in the review; acupuncture (n=3), aromatherapy massage (n=4), Benson relaxation technique (n=9), massage (n=5), meditation (n=1), progressive relaxation exercises (n=3), and reflexology (n=6) were used in symptom management of patients undergoing hemodialysis. It was determined that most of the studies (n=21) were conducted in Iran and had a randomized controlled (n=27) and quasi-experimental design (n=4). The studies focused on symptoms including fatigue (n=15), stress, anxiety, and depression (n=9), sleep problems (n=5), and pain (n=5). Most of the studies (n=30, 96.8%) reported that a significant decrease in symptom scores of patients undergoing hemodialysis. Conclusion: This review recommends conducting new randomized controlled studies to confirm the effects of complementary and integrative approaches and expand these approaches to alleviate hemodialysis symptoms in line with the results obtained.

Validity and Reliability Study of Turkish Version of the Beliefs About Thirdhand Smoke Scale

Nurbanu ODACI, Yeter K�T�� — 2021-05-01

Aim: This study aimed to adapt the Beliefs About ThirdHand Smoke (BATHS)� scale into Turkish. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in methodological type. In creating the Turkish form of the scale, which was initially in English, group translation and back translation were made, expert opinions were taken, and a pilot study was carried out. The Turkish form was applied to 514 volunteer adults between May-June 2019 to test the scale's validity and reliability. In order to test the adequacy of the data for factor analysis, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test was performed, and the construct validity of the scale was evaluated with exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis methods. Item-total correlation, Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient, test-retest correlation coefficient were used to assess the reliability of the scale. Results: The mean age of the participants was 35.6�11.3 years, and most of them were women (63.8%). The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin result was satisfying for sampling adequacy (0.80; p<0.01). As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, it was seen that the scale has two dimensions, and factor loads varied between 0.52 and 0.87. In confirmatory factor analysis, factor loads were determined to vary between 0.60 and 0.93. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.83. Test-retest correlation coefficient was significant (r = 0.82; p <0.001) and item-total correlation coefficients was in the range of 0.46-0.61. Conclusion: As a result of the analyzes, it was found that the Beliefs About ThirdHand Smoke Scale is a valid and reliable tool for use in individuals over the age of 18 in Turkish society.

Determination of Levels of Anxiety, Depression and Coping with Stress in Individuals Diagnosed with Two Different Physical Illnesses

Havva TEL, Hesna G�RLER — 2021-05-01

Aim: The study was carried out to determine levels of anxiety, depression, and coping with stress in individuals undergoing surgery because of orthopedic problem and cancer and to compare the individuals in both groups in terms of the variables considered. Material and Methods: 124 orthopedic and 78 surgical oncology patients were included in the study. Data were collected with the Introductory Information Form, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale and the Styles of Coping with Stress Scale. The data were evaluated using the SPSS 22.0 program. Mean, standard deviation, number, percentage, Kolmogorov Smirnov test, Chi-square test, Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis test, and Spearmen correlation analysis were used to evaluate the data. Results: It was determined that surgical oncology patients experienced depression. There was a negative relationship between anxiety-depression levels and self-confident and optimistic approach scale scores, and a positive relationship between helpless and submissive approach scale scores in both patient groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study determined that surgical oncology patients experienced depression, and anxiety and depression levels decreased as the self-confident approach and optimistic approach scale scores increased in both patient groups. Therefore, it is suggested that healthcare personnel working with oncology and orthopedic patients make plans to support the maintenance of psychosocial integrity in the treatment and care of the patient and develop consultation-liaison services.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Different Simulators in Developing Urethral Catheterization Skills in Nursing Students

Dilek SARI, Ebru BAYSAL, T�lay BASAK, Nihal TASKIRAN, Vesile �NVER — 2021-05-01

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different simulators for the development of students� urethral catheterization skills. Material and Methods: This study was conducted using a quasi-experimental design with 2nd year nursing students (n=80) at a nursing school in the Aegean Region of Turkey between November and December of 2018. This study was approved by the ethics committee of a university (Approval Number: 2016-273). Students were randomly assigned to three groups (partial urethral catheterization simulator, whole-body simulator, or partial urethral catheterization simulator with poster). All participants were evaluated through a hybrid simulation method. The data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test, and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: As a result of this study, it was shown that while the knowledge levels of the students did significantly increase in all groups (p<0.05), the performance scores of the students significantly increased only in the partial urethral catheterization simulator with the poster group (p<0.05). Conclusions: The use of a partial urethral catheterization simulator with poster did significantly develop the urethral catheterization skills of the nursing students.

The Effect of Computer-Assisted Glycemic Monitoring Protocol on Workload of Intensive Care Nurses

�zlem CANBOLAT, Sevgisun KAPUCU — 2021-05-01

Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of using a computer-assisted glycemic monitoring protocol on the workload of intensive care nurses. Material and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted with intensive care unit nurses (n=19). The time spent by the nurses during glycemia follow-up was recorded by two observer nurses using stopwatches. Glycemic monitoring was performed using a computerized and written protocol. After the application part of the research, the opinions of the nurses about the protocols were evaluated with a questionnaire form. Results: While the mean time spent on glycemia follow-up using the computerized protocol was 30.5 � 8.18 seconds, the mean time spent using the written protocol was 42.7 � 10.04 seconds (p < 0.001). 78.9% of nurses stated that written protocol was more complicated, 78.9% computerized protocol more suitable for intensive care unit, and 78.9% satisfied with using the computerized protocol. Conclusion: The use of the computerized protocol was shown to be effective in reducing the workload of intensive care nurses. The computerized protocol has increased nurse satisfaction in caring for patients with hyperglycemia who need intravenous insulin management.

Opinions of Nursing Students on Cord Blood and Banking

Hilal KARADEN�Z, Esra G�LER, Sinan AYAYDIN, �znur �ZTEMUR, Hacer G�LEN SAVA� — 2021-05-01

Aim: The aim of the research was to determine the opinions of nursing students studying at a university on cord blood and banking. Material and Methods: In the descriptive study, 428 students participated. The data were collected under the supervision of researchers in the classroom environment by using the Personal Information Form and the Comment Form Regarding Cord Blood and Banking. Descriptive statistics were used in the evaluation of the data. Results: The mean age of the students was 20.2�1.46. 62.4% of the students stated that they do not have information about cord blood and banking. 82% of them expressed that every pregnant woman should be informed about the subject. 54% of the students were undecided about having their baby's cord blood taken in the future. 56.5% of them stated that they might feel guilty in the future because they do not take blood when needed. Conclusion: In the study, it was stated that nursing students mostly answered "I don't know� or �I am undecided" to the statements about the purpose, conditions, and positive features of cord blood and banking, and they were undecided about whether to use cord blood banking in the future. It is recommended to organize initiatives to increase awareness and knowledge on the subject.

Determination of Nutrition-Exercise Status and Coronavirus Anxiety of Adolescents Staying at Home During the Pandemic Process

Ebru �ZT�RK �OPUR, Fatma KARASU, Melike YAVA� �EL�K — 2021-05-01

Aim: The research was conducted to determine the nutrition-exercise status and coronavirus anxiety of adolescents who stayed home during the pandemic. Material and Methods: This descriptive research was conducted with 315 adolescents between 01.02.2021-28.02.2021. The data were collected using a personal information form, Nutrition-Exercise Behavior Scale and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Percentage, frequency, average, Standard deviation, minimum, maximum, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to analyze the data. Results: The total mean score for the Nutrition-Exercise Behavior Scale was146.02�19.61 (Min:45, Max:225), the mean score for Psychological Eating Behavior sub-dimension was 35.57�10.12 (Min:11, Max:55), that of the Healthy Nutrition-Exercise Behavior sub-dimension was 42.82�11.46 (Min:14, Max:70), that of the Unhealthy Nutrition-Exercise Behavior sub-dimension was 47.24�7.78 (Min:14, Max:70), and that of the Meal Order sub-dimension was 20.38�5.30 (Min:6, Max:30).The mean score of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale was determined to be 5.96�2.79 (Min:0, Maks:20). A positive and weak relationship was determined between the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale total score and the Unhealthy Nutrition-Exercise Behavior sub-dimension score (r = -0.134, p<0.05). Conclusion: It has been observed that nutrition-exercise behaviors of adolescents are adversely affected in the pandemic, and unhealthy nutrition-exercise behavior increases as coronavirus anxiety increases.

The Relationship between Professional Commitment and Contextual Performance of Nurses

Abdullah BULUT, K�van �EV�K — 2021-05-01

Aim: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between professional commitment and the contextual performance of nurses. Material and Methods: This is a descriptive relational study conducted between June and July 2019 with 138 nurses working in a university hospital. "Descriptive Characteristics Form", "Nursing Professional Commitment Scale" and "Contextual Performance Scale" were used to collect the data. The data obtained from the study were analyzed on a computer using the number-percentage distributions and correlation analysis in the Statistical Package for Social Science 15.0. Results: It was determined that the total mean score of the Nursing Professional Commitment Scale was 71.22�9.18. The mean scores of Willingness to Make an Effort, Maintaining as Professional Membership, and Belief in Goals and Values, which are sub-dimensions of the Nursing Professional Commitment Scale, were found to be 39.06�7.14, 17.19�6.74, and 14.96�1.92, respectively. The total mean score of the Contextual Performance Scale was determined to be 184.07�24.72. It was found that the mean score for Personal Support, which is one of the sub-dimensions of the Contextual Performance Scale, was 102.96�10.91, and the mean score for Organizational Support was 81.12�17.54. A weak positive correlation between the total score of the Contextual Performance Scale and the total score of the Nursing Professional Commitment Scale was determined (r:0.244, p:0.004). Conclusion: Increasing the level of nurses' professional commitment may be one of the factors that increase the level of contextual performance.

Health Literacy in the School-Age Period and the Role of the School Health Nurse

Ay�eg�l AKCA, Sultan AYAZ-ALKAYA — 2021-05-01

School-age is a period in which children continuously grow and develop in terms of physical, emotional, psychological, and social aspects. From an early age, children often encounter complex health-related information and messages from a variety of sources. It is necessary to gain health literacy skills in the school-age period to understand health-related information correctly and achieve better health outcomes. Although there are differences between the health literacy levels of school-age children and adolescents, it is observed that health literacy is not at the desired level. Comprehensive coverage of health literacy strengthens lifelong learning competencies such as critical thinking, collaboration and communication skills, decision-making, and digital literacy. Didactic teaching, experiential teaching, workshops, small group exercises, role-play, video demonstration, and simulation practices are suggested for improving health literacy are. The school health nurse, who has the opportunity to reach all groups in the community, is in a vital position to intervene in developing health literacy for children and adolescents. School health nurses should develop continuing education programs to improve health literacy and plan health education accordingly. This review was conducted to examine the health literacy and the role of the school health nurse during the school-age period.

The Use of Metaphor in Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing

Mahire Olcay �AM, Ege Miray TOPCU — 2021-05-01

This review, on the basis of recognizing the extent and effect of metaphors in daily life, was prepared based on questions which are �How much does it take place in our care as mental health and psychiatric nurse, or how can it be used as a curative?�. In daily life, metaphor is widely used in language, thought, and behavior. Metaphors that help to link the individual's seemingly unrelated experiences allow the emotions and perceptions arising from these experiences to be connected and better understood. Metaphors are healingly helpful as they enable people to explore themselves and their problems and find new solutions in a confrontational and non-threatening environment. Mental health and psychiatric nurses can use metaphors as a tool for change and evaluation, especially empathy skills such as understanding their patients and reflecting their understanding, through and with the help of metaphors. The nurse, who uses the metaphor appropriately and well, will greatly contribute to accelerating the healing process and increasing self-integrity with this skill. The effort that will be spent for nurses working in the field to develop at this level and gain these skills will increase the value given to both the nurse, the field, and the people who receive service.

The Effect of Open Heart Surgery on Female Sexual Function and Sexual Counseling

Merve �A�LAR TUNCER, �mran YE��LTEPE OSKAY — 2021-05-01

Cardiovascular diseases are quite common in the world and Turkey. Surgical methods are the most preferred treatment methods for cardiovascular diseases. Female sexual dysfunction is common in cardiovascular system diseases causing cardiac surgery. As a result of insufficient perfusion of the genital area due to circulatory disorders, sexual problems such as lubrication problems and delayed clitoral stimulation may occur. At the same time, women avoid sexuality due to the lack of information about returning to sexual life after surgery and concerns about the prolongation of the recovery period, myocardial infarction and even death. However, sexuality starting from the intrauterine period is a basic and vital requirement that continues throughout life and plays an essential role in maintaining physical and psychological well-being. Health professionals with whom patients can discuss their sexual issues and problems most comfortably are nurses. Therefore, it is crucial and necessary to provide sexual counseling to patients in the post-operative period. For effective sexual counseling, it is required to increase the knowledge and awareness of nurses. The aim of the review is to examine the effect of open-heart surgery on female sexual function and the principles of sexual counseling in line with the literature.

19 Years with Butane-Propane Addiction: A Case Report

Hilal SEK� �Z — 2021-05-01

Volatile substance addiction and toxic gas inhalation are important health problems today. The most important reasons for this situation are that it is cheap and easy to supply, and there is no legal supervision. Since butane-propane is used less frequently than other addictive volatile substances, the number of studies on this subject is quite low. This case report is aimed to examine in detail the addiction process of MY, who has been intermittently addicted to butane-propane gas for 19 years, to introduce the psychoeducation process given to be aware of the thought errors that feed the addictive process and to develop skills of coping with addiction. A total of 12 individual interviews were conducted with MR. In these interviews, awareness was raised about the situations that trigger substance use, efforts to quit, and the reasons for relapse, physiological, psychological, and social problems caused by substance abuse, and prepared for a substance-free life. With Cognitive Behavioral Therapy techniques that will support recovery from addiction, it was aimed to recognize the dysfunctional parts of the way of thinking, life goals were established, problem-solving techniques, coping strategies, family and social support systems were strengthened.