Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences Nursing Journal - 2020; 7(3)

Editorial

Serg�l DUYGULU — 2020-05-01

Hemodiyaliz Hastalar�nda Konfor D�zeyinin �ncelenmesi

2020-05-01

Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hem�irelik Fakültesi Dergisi’nin 2020 May�s/A�ustos 2. say�s�nda yay�nlanan “Hemodiyaliz Hastalar�nda Konfor Düzeyinin �ncelenmesi” makalesinin yazar� Gülay TURGAY’�n ad-soyad� sehven Turgay GÜLAY olarak yaz�lm��t�r. Bu nedenle, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hem�irelik Fakültesi Dergisi’nin Eylül/Aral�k 3. say�s�nda yazar�n ad-soyad bilgileri ve makalenin künyesi düzeltilmi� hali ile a�a��da belirtilmi�tir. Turgay G, Özdemir Eler Ç, Ökdem �, Akgün Ç�tak E. Hemodiyaliz Hastalar�nda Konfor Düzeyinin �ncelenmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hem�irelik Fakültesi Dergisi 2020;7(2):122-129. DOI: 10.31125/hunhemsire.763155

Determining the Adaptation of Individuals with Ostomy to Ostomy and Affecting Factors

Banu �EV�K, Ziyafet U�URLU, Aysel ABBASO�LU, Azize KARAHAN, �i�dem SALTAN — 2020-05-01

Ama�: Bu �al��ma ba��rsak stomas� olan bireylerin stomaya uyumlar�n�n ve etkileyen fakt�rlerin belirlenmesi amac�yla yap�lm��t�r. Gere� ve Y�ntem: Tan�mlay�c� nitelikteki bu �al��ma bir �niversite hastanesinin cerrahi b�l�m�ne ba�vuran ve en az �� ay ile iki y�l aras�nda ba��rsak stomas� a��lan 71 hasta ile tamamlanm��t�r. Veriler, hasta tan�t�c� bilgi formu ve Ostomi Uyum �l�e�i kullan�larak toplanm��t�r. �statistik analiz i�in, say�, y�zde, ortalama ve Mann-whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis testleri yap�lm��t�r. Bulgular: �al��mada, ya� ortalamas� 56.62�13.39 olan hastalar�n, %77.5�i kad�n, %74.6�s� evli, %52.1�i lise mezunudur. Hastalar�n %83.2�sine kanser tan�s� nedeniyle a��ld��; %69.0�unun bir y�ldan daha az s�redir stomaya sahip oldu�u; %62.0�sine i�lem �ncesinde stoma a��lmas�na ili�kin bilgi verildi�i belirlenmi�tir. Hastalar�n Ostomi Uyum �l�e�inin alt gruplar�ndan kayg� puan�n�n �niversite mezunu olanlarda daha d��k oldu�u, �niversite mezunun olanlar�n sosyal uyum puanlar�n�n daha y�ksek oldu�u belirlenmi�tir. Sonu�: �al��mada stomas� olan hastalar�n Ostomi Uyum �l�e�i puan ortalamalar� ve �l�e�in alt boyut puan ortalamalar� orta d�zeyde saptanm��t�r.

An Evaluation of Dissertations/Theses in Turkey on Non- Pharmacological Practices and Effects in the Elderly

Kamuran �ZD�L, Gamze MUZ, G�lhan K��K �ZT�RK — 2020-05-01

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the nonpharmacological practices used in the elderly and on which symptoms these practices were used. Material and Methods: This research was carried out as a descriptive study. During data collection; theses determined by using keywords �geriatrics�, �music�, �reflexology�, �acupressure�, �massage�, �aromatherapy� �complementary�, �alternative treatments� on the National Thesis Center of the Higher Education Institution database were included in the study. In Turkey, a total of 33 theses on non-pharmacological practices and effects of symptoms in the elderly were reached. The full text of seven theses could not be reached and was excluded. A total of 26 theses were evaluated in the study. Since the full text of the seven theses could not be reached, it was excluded and a total of 26 theses were evaluated. Results: Most of the theses examined in this study were conducted in the field of nursing. 53.8% of the non-pharmacological theses were PhD theses and 46.2% of them were master's theses. It was determined that non-pharmacological practices had positive effects on anxiety, sleep and quality of life, pain, loneliness, fatigue, depression and constipation in the elderly. Conclusion: Non-pharmacological practices applied to the elderly seem to be effective in management of many symptoms. In conclusion, multidisciplinary and randomized controlled trials are recommended to provide more evidence to the field.

The Use of Physical Examination Skills by Nurses and Nursing Students: A Comparative Study

2020-05-01

Aim: This descriptive-comparative research was conducted to determine the use of physical examination skills by nurses and nursing students. Material and Methods: This study was conducted with nurses (n=148) working in the inpatient services of two university hospitals and senior nursing students (n=381) studying at two universities in Ankara and Siirt. The data were collected between January and June 2018 by using "Demographic Characteristics Form" and "Physical Examination Skill Form" developed by the researchers. Results: Although 81.8% of the nurses knew about physical examination skills, 61.5% of them used these skills and 68.5% of the students took a course on physical examination. 98% of the nurses stated the intensive workload as the biggest barrier in applying physical examination skills and 76.1% of the students stated the lack of support from the instructors. Students who took a course on physical examination skills, nurses with 0-9 years of clinical experience, and nurses working in the internal/surgical intensive care unit were found to use physical examination skills statistically higher (p<0.05). It was determined that the most frequently used method by the nurses was inspection (p<0.05). Conclusion: It has been concluded that most of the nurses and students know the physical assessment methods but do not use them widely in practice. In order for physical assessment skills to be used more widely, it is recommended that the physical assessment course be compulsory in the nursing curriculum, instructors provide more support for students to use these skills, reduce the workload of nurses, and include physical assessment methods in in-service training.

The Views and Suggestions of Nurses Working at a University Hospital on Improving the Nursing Care Plan Used in the Hospital: A Mixed-Model Study

�lkay YURTSEVER, �erife KARAG�ZO�LU — 2020-05-01

Aim: The study was conducted with the aim of determining views and suggestions for improving the nursing care plan used in the clinics of a university hospital. Material and Methods: The research design was mixed method using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The sample of the study consisted of 226 nurses working with the care plan in a university hospital. Focus group discussions were conducted with three different groups in the qualitative dimension of the study. In the quantitative dimension, questionnaire forms created in line with the focus group interviews and the literature were applied to the nurses working with the care plan. Content analysis was used for the evaluation of qualitative data whilst descriptive statistical methods (number, percentage) were employed for the analysis of quantitative data. Results: In the qualitative part of the research, the nurses particpating in the focus group discussions stated that working with a nursing care plan was generally beneficial, but reported that the use of care plan could not be done efficiently due to many factors. In the quantitative part of the research, 70.8% of participants reported that the care plans were not used effectively in the clinics they worked. Conclusion: It was found that nurses failed to use nursing care plans effectively at the university hospital where the study was conducted and this was caused by many factors. In order to ensure the use of an effective, target-oriented and individualized care plan, it would be beneficial to eliminate negative institutional factors and consider the nurses' suggestions for improvement.

The Effect of Cold Application on Drain-Related Pain Control After Thyroidectomy

Zeynep TEM�Z, Aylin AYDIN SAYILAN, Yal��n KANBAY, Cevher AKARSU — 2020-05-01

Aim: To determine the effect of cold application on pain experienced and analgesic requirement frequency in patients with post-thyroidectomy drains. Material and Methods: This randomized controlled trial was carried out in a Training and Research Hospital General Surgery Department in Istanbul between 15 May and 20 November, 2016. Fifty-nine patients with drains inserted post-thyroidectomy were randomly divided into two groups. Cold application was performed on the experimental group three times, 3 hours after analgesic administration on post-operative day 0, and immediately before drain removal on post-operative day 1. A cold gel pad was placed on the neck area for 20 minutes. Pain severity was measured 15 minutes after the cold application. The control group did not receive cold therapy, but pain severity was also measured. Results: The patients in the experimental group had less pain on post-operative day 0, although the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.001). The severity of pain experienced after the removal of the drain on post-operative day 1 was significantly lower in the experimental group (p<0.001). Analgesic requirement frequencies among patients in the experimental group were significantly lower on post-operative days 0 and 1 (p≤0.001). Conclusion: Cold application reduced drain-related pain along with analgesic requirements. It can contribute to the healing process by reducing pain.

Reliability and Validity Assessment of the Turkish Version of the Leuven Questionnaire on Patient Knowledge of Chemotherapy

Serpil SU, �ule ECEV�T ALPAR — 2020-05-01

Aim: The research was conducted in order to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Leuven Questionnaire on Patient Knowledge of Chemotherapy (L-PaKC). Material and Methods: The population of the study, which is a methodological type, consisted of all patients who received chemotherapy in outpatient chemotherapy units of two hospitals in Konya, and the sample consisted of 239 patients who received chemotherapy between March and July 2014. The data of the study were collected using Patient Information Form, L-PaKC and analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 package program. Results: As a result of the validity-reliability study of L-PaKC, Cronbach Alpha was 0.86, the total score correlation of the items was between rs:0.25 and 0.58, fit index was Chi-Square:151.83 (p≤0.001), Degrees of Freedom:100, RMSEA:0.047, SRMR:0.061, CFI:0.90, NNFI:0.88, GFI:0.93, AGFI:0.90, and test and re-test correlation was found as r:0.71, p≤0.001. Conclusion: It was determined that the Turkish version of L-PaKC is a valid and reliable scale.

Determining the Correlation between Nursing Students' Individual Entrepreneurship Perceptions and Lifelong Learning Trends

Fatma KILAVUZ, Arzu KARABA� AYDIN — 2020-05-01

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between nursing students' individual entrepreneurship perceptions and lifelong learning trends. Material and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted between 1 and 7 March 2018. The study sample consisted of 523 (71.2%) volunteer students studying at a nursing department of the faculty of health sciences of a university in the Northeastern Region of Anatolia of Turkey. Data were collected using a Descriptive Characteristics Form, the Individual Entrepreneurship Perception Scale and Lifelong Learning Trends Scale. In the evaluation of the data, firstly, descriptive statistics of the scale total score and subscale total scores were made. In the analysis, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis-H and Spearman Correlation tests were used. Results: Of participants, 57.7% were women. The mean age of participants was 20.99�2.05 years. Participants had a mean Individual Entrepreneurship Perception Scale and Lifelong Learning Trends Scale score of 119.98�15.30 and 80.80�20.62, respectively. The two variables �family income� and �habit of reading regularly� had a significant effect on both scales scores (p<0.05). Individual Entrepreneurship Perception Scale was weakly and negatively correlated with Lifelong Learning Trends Scale (p<0.001, r=-0.164). Conclusion: In the study, it was concluded that nursing students with higher perception of individual entrepreneurship had lower lifelong learning tendencies.

Evaluation of the Health Beliefs of Women towards Early Diagnosis of Breast and Cervical Cancer

H�lya KULAK�I ALTINTA�, G�lbahar KORKMAZ ASLAN — 2020-05-01

Aim: This study was carried out to evaluate health beliefs of women about early diagnosis of breast and cervical cancer. Material and Methods: The sample of this descriptive study consisted of 500 women who applied to four Family Health Centers in Zonguldak city center. A questionnaire form, Champion Health Belief Model Scale and Attitude Scale for Early Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer were used for data collection. Number and percentage, Mann Whitney-U test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction were used for data analysis. Results: It was determined that women's perceptions of seriousness, health motivation, benefit, and self-efficacy towards the early diagnosis of breast cancer were at a moderate level and their perceptions of susceptibility and barrier were at a low level. Moreover, seriousness, barrier, and overall perceptions of women for early diagnosis of cervical cancer were found to be at a moderate level and their susceptibility and benefit perceptions were detected to be at a low level. Conclusion: It is important to evaluate the health beliefs of women and the factors affecting their health beliefs in gaining early diagnosis behaviors for breast and cervical cancer.

Determination of Death Anxiety in Physicians and Nurses Working in Internal Clinics

�uhule TEPE MED�N, Sevilay H�NT�STAN, Yavuz �ZORAN — 2020-05-01

Aim: The study was conducted to determine death anxiety in physicians and nurses working in internal clinics. Material and Methods: This study is of descriptive type. The population of the study consisted of 51 physicians and 196 nurses working in internal clinics of Ordu State Hospital; the sample consisted of a total 186 people including 47 physicians and 139 nurses who meet the study eligibility criteria. The data were collected using �Personal Information Form� and �Death Anxiety Scale�. Percentage, mean, minimum and maximum values, t test and one-way ANOVA test were used in the evaluation of the data. Results: It was determined that physicians and nurses had moderate level of death anxiety but the death anxiety of nurses was significantly higher than physicians. While physicians' death anxiety was affected by the number of children, people living together at home and the level of piety, the death anxiety of nurses was statistically significantly affected by their working position in the institution, frequency of thinking about death, sharing their thoughts about death and receiving in-service training related to death. Conclusion: Nurses' death anxiety was found to be higher than physicians. It is recommended that physicians and especially nurses are encouraged to find methods that will enable them to deal with death anxiety positively.

Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use for Pain among Elderly Persons and Their Attitudes

2020-05-01

Aim: The aim of the study is to examine the status and attitude of elderly individuals using complementary and alternative medicine methods for pain. Material and Methods: The sample of this descriptive study consists of 178 elderly individuals hospitalized in internal medicine clinics of a training and research hospital between November 2018-April 2019. Data were collected using the �Individual Information Form� and �Attitudes towards Using Complementary Treatments Scale (ACTS)�. Results: 25.8% of elderly individuals use complementary and alternative medicine for pain. Although the methods used are mostly herbal products (65.2%), massage (19.6%), praying (6.5%), aromatherapy (4.3%) and hot application (4.3%) are other methods used. The mean score of ACTS was determined as 12.82�7.45. While there was no significant difference between the total score of the scale and age, gender, marital status, educational status, employment status, income level, the person with whom he/she lived, continuous drug use, pain area and the method used (p>0.05), there was a significant difference in patients with pain and using complementary and alternative treatment methods for their pain (p <0.05). Conclusion: In this study, although the positive attitudes of the elderly who had pain and used any complementary and alternative treatment methods were higher, their positive attitudes towards complementary and alternative treatment methods were generally low.

Using Cultural Competence Process Model in Elderly Care

Ay�eg�l ILGAZ — 2020-05-01

In today's multicultural world, the increase in the number of elderly people increases the importance of cultural competence in elderly care and elderly care needs. In this context, culture should be taken into account in order to provide adequate, effective and quality care for the elderly. Health professionals who care for culture, evaluate the cultural reasons that guide the behavior of the elderly and the reasons for applying to health services. Failure to understand the culture of the elderly person may lead to communication disorders, decreased compliance with treatment, non-attendance of care, rejection of care, inequalities in healthcare. It may be possible to offer care and improve health care outcomes with the �Cultural Competence Process Model�, which forms the basis of transcultural nursing. With this model, health professionals can improve the ability to provide care in accordance with this structure by evaluating the cultural structure of elderly individuals, understand the culture of the elderly better, and provide a culturally adequate care. With the use of the model, it may be possible for the elderly to participate in the care, to establish a reliable relationship, to improve health outcomes and to increase quality of life. The purpose of this review is to explain Cultural Competence Process Model in the care of elderly.

Most Important Heritage Mother Microbiota

Hatice G�D�L �Z, Hatice BALCI YANGIN — 2020-05-01

The microorganisms in the human body or the gene pack provided by the microbiota are known as human microbiome. Microorganisms considered as dangerous occupants provide critical functions in basic human processes and non-pathogenic microorganisms were found in many body fluids and anatomical regions which were considered sterile. The colonization of microbiota is an ongoing process starting from intrauterine period, increasing its diversity especially up to the first three years. Therefore, it is important to know the factors affecting the colonization of microbiota from intrauterine period. One of these factors is maternal vagina. The impaired maternal vaginal microbiota can cause pregnancy complications and preterm labor. Transition to microbiota during pregnancy and birth continues with postpartum breastfeeding. It is necessary to know the effect of pregnancy, birth and breastfeeding on microbiota and to increase the awareness of health professionals and expectant mothers about the factors that negatively affect the formation of healthy microbiota in these processes. This review was carried out to evaluate the role of pregnancy process, type of delivery and breastmilk in the formation and development of microbiology ecosystem which have important effects on general health level in the light of current literature.

Families with Preterm Infants and Nursing Approach

Harun �ZBEY, Ya�mur SEZER EFE, Emine ERDEM — 2020-05-01

Preterm births, which have high morbidity and mortality rates in the world and in our country, emerge as an important health problem. In recent years, the development of health technology has increased the survival rate of preterm infants but has also brought serious health problems. Problems such as retinopathy of prematurity, hearing loss, chronic pulmonary disease, cerebral palsy, neurological disorders, attention deficit and preterm osteopenia are frequently seen in preterm infants. These problems lead to long-term hospitalizations of preterm infants, increase in health care costs and psychosocial and economic problems in their parents. Preterm birth, preterm birth complications, long-term hospitalization, not being able to attend the infant�s care, not getting information about the infant, outpatient clinic visits/follow-ups after discharge, and lack of social support are among the major problems experienced by parents. Nurses have important responsibilities in preventing these problems encountered by parents. Nurses should determine the needs of families in this period and take supportive approaches. In this review article, it is aimed to draw attention to the health problems that may develop in preterm infants, the problems experienced by families with preterm infants and the nursing approach.