Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences Nursing Journal - 2017; 4(3)

De�erli Okurlar�m�za

Serg�l DUYGULU — 2017-09-01

Examination of Studies on Intensive Care Unit-Acquired Muscle Weakness in Last Decade: A Systematic Review

Canan KARADA�, Sevgisun KAPUCU — 2017-09-01

Aim: This study aims to investigate the studies conducted in last 10 years on prevention of intensive care unit acquired weakness (ICU-AW) by alteration in muscles and the effect of exercises. Material and Methods: By reaching total of 126 studies published between 2005-2015 in December 2015 via using Pubmed and EBSCO Databases, eight of these studies that met the study criteria were included in the sample. �ICU-AW�, �Muscle Weakness�, �Critical illness myopathy�, �Critical illness polyneuropathy�, �Intensive care unit�, and �Exercise� were the keywords for the study. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), prospective cohorts and prospective observational studies that contains �ICU-AW and Exercise� issues were included in the study. Results: Total of eight studies, including four RCTs and four prospective studies, were investigated in our study. Reviewed studies showed that loss of muscle strength and myosin occurred with immobility, these losses increased with the extension of ICU stay. It was observed that recovery period of the problem caused by muscle weakness took longer than 12 months. Regardless of type, duration, intensity of exercise, and the patients� characteristics; studies stated that exercise had positive effects. Conclusion: It has been determined that studies on ICU-AW in last ten years have recently shown an increase, research methodologies are not homogeneous, and the measuring instruments varied. More evidence-based study are needed to determine and manage the underlying factors of ICU-AW.

There are Opinions and Expectations of the Mothers in Safe School Transportation: A Qualitative Study

T�rkan KAD�RO�LU, Fatma G�D�C� T�FEKC� — 2017-09-01

Aim: To identify the opinions of mothers on safe school transportation. Material and Methods: The study that was conducted with qualitative methodology, was conducted with mothers whose children were using school transport for at least one year. Innterviews were done with 13 mothers that was included in the study by snowball sampling technique and a semi-structured interview form was used. The interviews have been recorded on audio tape recorder. The content analysis was carried out after transcription of raw data. Ethical principles were followed in the study. Results: The mothers stated that the school vehicle driver needs to have some features. The mothers have reported that the vehicle needs to be brand new and newer than five years, to have school transportation vehicle features, and to be designed special to age groups. The mothers wanted that controlled stop-start should be done and should be punctual. They stated that traffic rules must be obeyed and an hostess must be assigned. The mothers reported that children and parents should be brought together, the vehicle should exactly stop in front of the house and the stop-starts should be done in a controlled way while children was getting out of the vehicle. Conclusion: It is required that the school vehicle driver and the vehicle should have certain features, the driver should comply with the traffic rules and take safety precautions during boarding to, traveling in and getting out of the school vehicle. Training programs conducted with the cooperation of the school transportation firms and school administration could contribute to safe school transportation.

Expression of Professional Adherence by Professional Prestige in Nurses

Neslihan DER�N, Neslihan ��M�EK ILKIM, Hilal YAYAN — 2017-09-01

Aim: The purpose of this research is to determine, in what level, perceived professional prestige predict professional engagement in nurses and to reveal whether nurses� perceptions of professional prestige and professional engagement differ according to demographic characteristics or not. Material and Method: The research population includes 1900 nurses working in two large public hospitals that were active at the center of Malatya. The sample consists of 320 nurses as well. Data were collected by face-to-face survey technique through data collection form developed. Questions about demographic characteristics and organizational characteristics of the participants in the first part of the form, �Professional Engagement Scale� in the second part of the form and �Professional Prestige Perception Scale� in the third part of the form were included. Frequencies, arithmetic mean, t-test, one way variance analysis and regression analysis were used for data analysis. Results: Regression model was statistically significant and perceived professional prestige had a predictive effect, with the rate of 10%, on professional engagement. It was found out that professional prestige perception decreased with age while professional engagement increased, professional prestige perception were higher in women than in men, nurses working as managers had higher professional prestige perception and professional engagement than other nurses. Conclusion: According to the study results, professional prestige had a predictive effect on professional engagement. Nurses� professional prestige perception and professional engement differed according to some demographic characteristics.

Evaluation of the Preoperative Anxiety With APAIS and STAI-I Scales

�enay KARADA� ARLI — 2017-09-01

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the anxiety levels of preoperative patients with the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) and State Anxiety Scale (STAI-I). Materials and Methods: This study was designed as a cross-sectional descriptive type study. The study was conducted between October 2016 and May 2017 in General Surgery, Ear- Nose-Throat (ENT), Urology, and Orthopedic clinics of a state hospital with the voluntary participation of 189 patients. Data was collected by Personal Information Form, APAIS and STAI-I. Results: Average of APAIS anxiety level was found 15.8� 5.9, the average scores of APAIS subdimensions were; 4.3�2.1 for anesthesia-related anxiety, 5.3�2.5 for anxiety about the surgery and 6.2�2.2 for the information desire. Average score of STAI-I anxiety was 42.4�10.4 33. A significant positive correlation was found between APAIS total and sub-dimension scores and STAI-I total score (p<0.01). Conclusion: APAIS and STAI-I scales showed that the patients experienced anxiety over the middle level at the pre-operative period. Assessment of anxiety is very important with regards to comfortable experience of perioperative period for the patient and health care professionals.

A Nursing Leader: Ay�e R��han T�z�n

�zlem F�DAN, Nevin KUZU KURBAN, Nazike DURUK — 2017-09-01

The greatest contribution of Ay�e R��han T�z�n who is the one of our nursing leaders was the launching of the Higher Education Program in Nursing in Turkey. She has made extraordinary efforts for her ideals to be real. She has made an important contibution to our profession by addressing �Nursing Process System-Planned Care, Holistic Humanistic Approach Model� for the first time in our country. She is the founder of the Department of Nursing Fundamentals. R��han T�z�n�s contributions to the profession will always shed light on us to protect and improve contemporary nursing in our country.

Integrative Approaches in Pain Management of Cancer Patients With Palyative Care

�zlem OVAYOLU, Nimet OVAYOLU — 2017-09-01

Numerous reasons such as increased life expectancy of individuals diagnosed with cancer and aggressive treatments provided in the last periods of life have increased the requirement of palliative care. Because the priority of palliative care is to effectively eliminate the complaints discomforting the patient rather than futile treatments, tests, and examination. Pain, one of these complaints, is the one, which cancer patients are mostly afraid of, and the most common cause to apply for palliative care programs. The complex structure of the pain requires mainly patient centred integrative biopsychosocial care including biological, psychological, social, and cultural factors of the individual. Today, even though studies on cancer patients constituting a major part of palliative care patients revealed that pain can be treated substantially with convenient approach, unfortunately several patients yet have been experiencing pain due to insufficient treatment. Therefore, integrative methods are also frequently applied for solution of this problem as well as medical treatment. Integrative practices take the situation of the individual as a whole, and by considering the modern western medicine and complementary practices together, they offer comprehensive treatment options. This paper will discuss some integrative approaches applied for management of cancer pain.

Transformation In Nursing Education: Evidence-Based Education

Ayla KE�EC�, Ay�e DEM�RAY — 2017-09-01

Teaching staff plays an important role in the realization of learning process of the students, which is the basic component of the nursing education process. In general, nurse educators are expected to create permanent changes/developments in the feelings, thoughts and behaviors of the learners. In order for the educator to carry out this role most effectively, it is necessary that this educator should be ready for the role of becoming a leading educator besides improving oneself constantly. The most important concept that will guide a nurse educator when fulfilling this role is evidence-based education. Evidence-based education draws its roots from the fields of medicine, nursing, psychology and social services and it is seen that evidence-based practices in literature are now evolving towards evidence-based education. The aim of this review is to examine evidence-based education practices and to present some evidence that can be used in the education process.

Patient Communication Following Laryngectomy: A Pilot Study Using Visual Communication Guide

Melek ERT�RK YAVUZ, Ayla G�RSOY — 2017-09-01

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of the visual communication guide. Materil and Methods: This research was carried out with the mixed method, integrating qualitative and quantitative research methods. Fourteen partial laryngectomy patients and 20 healthcare professionals took part in this study. Results: The patients stated that the visual communication guide helped them to express themselves. They also stated that the issues in the guide were handled appropriately, and they found the guide useful. However, half of the patients found the images inadequate. At the same time, healthcare professionals and patients found the images in the guide clear and easy to understand, and the colors and sizes of the images and fonts adequate. The healthcare professionals thought that the guide was convenient and saved time in communication but it did not contain enough images for patients to share their psychological issues. After analysis of the qualitative data, four main themes were determined. These were: the experience of being unable to speak, quick and easy communication, confidence, and positive and negative opinions. Conclusion: It was concluded that the visual communication guide can be effective and useful for the communication of patients who have undergone partial laryngectomy.